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Concrete blocks: Types, Tests Pros & manufacturing process
concrete block is a building material used to construct walls. A wall can be constructed using clay bricks, concrete blocks, cinder blocks, lightweight blocks, AAC blocks, etc.
In all types, the material strength of the product is almost fixed, but the strength of concrete block can vary by using different types of concrete mix. Concrete is a mixture of cement, sand, aggregate, and water.
Generally, concrete block is manufactured to replace clay brick, so the strength of concrete block will be similar to clay brick(9-12MPA). That is why the Concrete mix design for manufacturing of concrete block used M10, where the maximum size of aggregate used is 10-12mm. More than 12mm coarse aggregates are not preferred for concrete blocks.
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Different mix designs for the different walls are..:
Wall Type | Concrete mix |
Main wall | M10 |
Partition wall | M2.5- M3 |
Boundary wall | M10 |
Retaining Wall | M25 |
Concrete blocks can be manufactured by three methods
- Manually
- Hydraulic pressure machine
- Vibration machine
Tests for concrete block
- crack free, shape and texture: Uniform
- Measurement of Dimension
- Block Density test
- Compressive strength test
- Water Absorption test
- Drying shrinkage test
- Determination of moisture movement
- Sizes available
Read Also: All about Types of material for Wall Construction- Masonry Block
Concrete blocks can be used for
Concrete masonry blocks units are used for both load-bearing and non-load-bearing walls,
- partitions and panel walls
- As backing for other types of facing material, piers, plasters, columns
- For retaining walls,
- Garden walls
- Chimneys and fireplaces
- As fillers in concrete joist floor construction
- As shattering for beams, columns & lintels.
Types of concrete block
- Solid concrete Block
- Hollow concrete block
Advantages of Concrete block
- Due to the large size of blocks, rapid construction occurs. And relatively in less time more amount of work is completed compared to normal masonry construction.
- Desired strength of the concrete block can be manufactured as required. So versatile use blocks are available in different strengths.
- Concrete blocks are cost-effective compared to other building materials like bricks and stones. They are relatively easy to manufacture and transport, making them more affordable.
Disadvantages of Concrete block
- Concrete blocks are heavy, which can make them challenging to handle and transport, requiring specialized equipment and skilled labor.
- concrete blocks come in various sizes and shapes, they offer limited design options compared to other building materials like bricks, stones, and wood.
- Concrete blocks have a porous surface that can absorb moisture, which can cause structural damage.
What is the Indian standard (IS) code for a concrete block?
IS 2185 (Part 1):2005 covers HOLLOW AND SOLID CONCRETE BLOCKS
Is it suitable to construct Concrete block retaining wall?
Yes, Concrete block retaining walls are commonly used to hold back soil and provide structural support in various landscaping and engineering projects.
Concrete blocks weight is enough, they provide good stability and heavy size provides large joints with good drainage. With all kinds of pros concrete blocks are cost wise economical.
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11 – Aggregate Test -All Type & Importance
Aggregate test is the most important substance in the construction industry. The strength of the structure after joint strength depends on the strength of the aggregate.
Aggregate indeed plays a crucial role in the construction industry, particularly in the production of concrete. Concrete is a fundamental building material used in various construction projects, and its strength and durability are significantly influenced by the quality of its components, including aggregate.
Required characteristics of aggregate
The study of aggregate can improve the strength of construction as well as money. Here are some key points about the importance of aggregate test in construction:
- Strength and Durability: Aggregates are the primary component in concrete, constituting about 60-75% of the total volume. The properties of the aggregate, such as its strength and durability, directly impact the overall strength and durability of the concrete structure.
- Load-Bearing Capacity: Aggregates provide the bulk and rigidity to concrete, contributing to its load-bearing capacity. The arrangement of aggregates in the mix affects the compressive strength of concrete, which is crucial for supporting structural loads.
- Economy: Properly graded and high-quality aggregates can enhance the workability of concrete mixtures, allowing for more economical use of cement. This is important as cement is typically a more expensive component of concrete. A well-designed mix with the right proportion of aggregate can optimize the use of cement without compromising strength.
- Volume Stability: The expansion and contraction of concrete due to temperature changes and moisture variations can be influenced by the type and quality of aggregate used. Aggregates that are resistant to changes in volume help ensure the long-term stability of the concrete structure.
- Bonding with Cement Paste: The interface between the aggregate particles and the cement paste (the glue that holds concrete together) is critical. Proper bonding is necessary to achieve the desired strength and durability. The surface characteristics of the aggregate can impact this bonding.
- Shape and Size: The shape and size of aggregate particles also play a role. Well-graded aggregates with a variety of sizes can result in a denser and more workable mix. The shape of the particles can affect the surface area and, consequently, the amount of cement paste needed for adequate bonding.
Above all parameters are used to identify aggregate before use on-site in construction.
Type of Aggregate test :
- Particle Size Distribution (Gradation Test):
- Purpose: Determines the distribution of particle sizes within an aggregate sample.
- Method: Sieves of different sizes are used to separate and measure the particles.
- Shape and Texture Tests:
- Flakiness and Elongation Index Test:
- Purpose: Assesses the shape characteristics of aggregate particles.
- Method: Measures the ratio of the elongated or flaky particles to the total mass.
- Angularity Number Test:
- Purpose: Quantifies the angularity of aggregate particles.
- Method: Involves measuring the volume of voids between angular particles.
- Flakiness and Elongation Index Test:
- Specific Gravity and Absorption Test:
- Purpose: Determines the specific gravity and water absorption of the aggregate.
- Method: Involves measuring the weight of the aggregate in air and in water to calculate specific gravity and absorption.
- Bulk Density and Voids Test:
- Purpose: Measures the density and void content of aggregate.
- Method: Involves determining the bulk density and calculating the percentage of voids in the aggregate.
- Soundness Test:
- Purpose: Evaluates the resistance of aggregate to disintegration due to weathering.
- Method: Aggregates are subjected to cycles of wetting and drying in a sodium sulfate or magnesium sulfate solution.
- Los Angeles Abrasion Test:
- Purpose: Measures the resistance of agSogregate to abrasion and impact.
- Method: Aggregates are placed in a drum and rotated, causing abrasion and impact on the particles.
- Crushing Value Test:
- Purpose: Determines the aggregate’s resistance to crushing under a gradually applied compressive load.
- Method: Aggregates are subjected to a specified load and the percentage fines generated is measured.
- Impact Value Test:
- Purpose: Measures the aggregate’s resistance to sudden impact.
- Method: Aggregates are subjected to a standard impact test using a testing machine.
- Moisture Content Test:
- Purpose: Determines the moisture content of aggregates.
- Method: Involves weighing the aggregate before and after drying to calculate the moisture content.
- Alkali Aggregate Reactivity Tests:
- Alkali-Silica Reactivity (ASR) Test: Evaluates the potential of aggregates to react with alkalis in concrete.
- Alkali-Carbonate Reactivity (ACR) Test: Assesses the potential reactivity of carbonate aggregates.
- Organic Impurities Test:
- Purpose: Identifies the presence of organic materials in the aggregate.
- Method: Aggregates are immersed in a solution, and any color change is observed.
IS Code for Aggregate are shown as:
IS CODE | AGGREGATE TEST |
IS 2386 – 8 | Methods of Test for Aggregates for Concrete – Petrographic Examination |
IS 2386-7 | Methods of Test for Aggregates for Concrete, Part VII: Alkali Aggregate Reactivity |
IS 2386-6 | Methods of test for aggregates for concrete: Measuring mortar making properties of fine aggregates |
IS 2386-5 | Methods of test for aggregates for concrete: Soundness |
IS 2386-4 | Methods of test for aggregates for concrete: Mechanical Properties |
IS 2386-3 | Methods of test for aggregates for concrete: Sp. Gravity, Density, Voids, Bulk Density & Water absorption |
IS 2386-2 | Methods of test for aggregates for concrete: |
IS 2386-1 | Methods of test for aggregates for concrete: Particle Size & Shape |
Read Also : Concrete blocks: Types, Tests Pros & manufacturing process
Read also : Most Recommended Is Codes For Aggregates In Construction
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Amazon Sale 2023 : Get prepare for special offers of the year
Amazon sale 2023 date has been announced which we all indian wait of a year for big discounts in shopping.
Upcoming Big sale start from 8 october 2023. Amazon’s flagship event Great Indian Festival will go live on Sunday, Oct 8, with early access for Prime members going live on Saturday, Oct 7 at midnight.
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Some of items price in upcoming sale has been revaled and many item discount price will be available soon.
So, get ready for upcoming shopping season of the year.
Amazon Event Landing Page: Visit Here
Amazon Sale 2023 Shopping Link Categories wise:
- Mobile Phones: Click Here
- Laptops & Smart Watches: Click Here
- Home & Kitchen: Click Here
- Fashion & Beauty: Click Here
- Television & Appliances: Click Here
- Daily Essentials: Click Here
- Amazon Brands: Click Here
- Amazon Devices: Click Here
- Gaming, Books, Personal Care Appliances: Click Here
If you wish to shop before stock out get ready and add items in wishlist before sale starts.
Read Also: Container Homes: Moveable, Affordable, and Ecofriendly
How to choose best deals ?
Amazon price trackers tools
Use Amazon price trackers tools for check best prices with duration it helps in shop in that price of should wait for a price drop.
Some of price tracker tools name are:
1. keepa
2. price history
3. Earny
4. PriceBefore
Check Reviews and Rating
Which item you want to buy, would be purchase by someone before so check product reviews where you can understand about product.
Today’s Deals
Click on “Today’s Deals”, which is dedicated to show special offers and discounts on that time available.
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Concrete mixer machine: Guide to Efficient Mixing Equipment
A concrete mixer machine, also known as a cement mixer, is a device used to combine cement, water, and aggregates (e.g., sand, gravel, or crushed stone) to form concrete. This mixing process ensures that the concrete’s components are evenly distributed and results in a homogenous mixture that is suitable for construction purposes.
Table of Contents
Concrete mixers machine come in various sizes and types, but the most common ones are:
Types of Concrete Mixture Machine
1. Drum Mixer:
This is the most common type of concrete mixer machine, where the ingredients are mixed by tumbling them inside a revolving drum. The drum can be tilted to discharge the concrete. Drum mixers can be further classified as:
- Tilting Drum Mixers: The drum can be tilted to pour the concrete.
- Non-Tilting Drum Mixers: The drum is fixed, and the concrete is discharged by opening a chute at the bottom.
2. Pan Mixer
This type of mixer has a stationary mixing pan and blades that rotate around a vertical axis. The ingredients are mixed as the blades move through the material.
3. Twin Shaft Mixer
This type of mixer has two horizontal shafts with paddles that counter-rotate, ensuring thorough mixing of the materials.
4. Vertical Axis Mixer
In this mixer, the shaft is vertical, and the mixing action is similar to a pan mixer but on a larger scale.
Concrete mixer machines are widely used in various construction projects, including buildings, roads, bridges, and other structures. They are available in different capacities, ranging from small portable mixers suitable for DIY projects to large stationary mixers used in commercial construction.
When operating a concrete mixer machine, it’s essential to follow safety guidelines, wear appropriate protective gear, and ensure that the machine is used and maintained correctly to prevent accidents and ensure optimal performance. Additionally, different types of mixers and concrete formulations may be suitable for specific construction applications, so it’s essential to choose the right equipment and mix design for the project at hand.
Read Also: Best Cement for Paver Block Manufacturing
Reference : Concrete mixer
HOW TO CHOOSE THE RIGHT CONCRETE MIXER machine?
1. Size
Power supply
Durability
portability
Which Concrete Mixture Machine is used Most commonly?
Mostly Drum Mixture machine is used. It is used due to its ease to handle for loading cement, sand, and aggregate as well as unloading concrete. Tilting Drum Mixers are used commonly at small scales. No chute opening is available for unloading, so no cement slurry waste and homogeneous concrete mixture occurs.
What size is to be considered while purchasing a new concrete mixture machine?
When loading and unloading of concrete and material are done by labor manually then choose a capacity of 1.5 bag cement concrete mixture.
What is the price of the RCC Concrete mixer machine?
The concrete Mixture machine costs 50,000 rupees to 2,50,000 rupees. It depends on type of mixture and size of the mixture.
Motor-operated Tilting Drum Mixers costs around 75,000 rupees.
Disclaimer
Please note that the information on technovahub.com is designed to provide general information on the topics presented. The information provided should not be used as a substitute for professional services.
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